1. An Overall Introduction to Concrete Face Rockfill Dams-CFRD
1.1 A panorama of CFRDs in the world
1.2 Important events related to CFRD
1.3 CFRD in seismic areas – a historical event
1.4 High dams in a near future
1.5 Thoughts on very high CFRDs

2. Design criteria for CFRDs
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Rockfill embankment
2.3 Water flow through rockfill and leakage
2.4 Stability
2.5 Toe slab or the plinth
2.6 Concrete face slab
2.7 Perimeter joint
2.8 Parapet wall and camber
2.9 Other impervious alternatives
2.10 Construction
2.11 Instrumentation
2.12 An overall conclusion

3. Typical cross sections
3.1 International nomenclature
3.2 Evolution of compacted CFRD
3.3 Case histories
Cethana (Australia, 1971)
Alto Anchicayá (Colombia, 1974)
Foz do Areia (Brazil, 1980)
Aguamilpa (Mexico, 1993)
Campos Novos (Brazil, 2006)
Shuibuya (China, 2009)
Tianshengqiao 1 (China, 1999)
Mohale (Lesotho, Africa, 2006)
Messochora (Greece, 1996)
El Cajón (Mexico, 2007)
Kárahnjúkar (Iceland, 2007)
Bakún (Malaysia, 2008)
Golillas (Colombia, 1978)
Segredo (Brazil, 1992)
Xingó (Brazil, 1994)
Pichi Picún Leufú (Argentina, 1995)
Itá (Brazil, 1999)
Machadinho (Brazil, 2002)
Antamina (Peru, 2002)
Itapebi (Brazil, 2003)
Quebra-Queixo (Brazil, 2003)
Barra Grande (Brazil, 2005)
Hengshan (China, 1992)
Salvajina (Colombia, 1983)
Puclaro (Chile, 2000)
Santa Juana (Chile, 1995)
Mazar (Ecuador, 2008)
Merowe (Sudan, 2008)
3.4 Conclusions

4. The Mechanics of Rockfill
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Rockfill embankments evolution
4.3 The compacted rockfill
4.4 Rockfills geomechanic properties
4.5 Shear strength
4.6 Compressibility
4.7 Collapse
4.8 Creep
4.9 Rockfills as construction materials, 197Appendix 4.1 – Machadinho D

5. Stability
5.1 Static stability
5.2 Safety factors for typical rockfills embankments
5.3 Stability in seismic areas
5.4 Dynamic analysis
5.5 Seismic design selection
5.6 Slope stability
5.7 Permanent deformations

6. Seepage through rockfills
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Theories on flow through rockfills
6.3 Critical aspects for stability
6.4 Some historical precedents
6.5 Leakage measured in CFRDs
6.6 Design of CFRDs for throughflow control
6.7 The reinforced rockfill

7. Foundation treatment
7.1 Plinth foundation
7.2 Plinth stability
7.3 Foundation transitions
7.4 Rockfill foundation
7.5 Grouting

8. Plinth, slab and joints
8.1 Plinth
8.2 Slab
8.3 Reinforcement design
8.4 Crest parapet wall and freebord
8.5 Fissures, cracks and failures – Treatments
8.6 Drainage near the plinth

9. Instrumentation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Monitoring parameters
9.3 Monitorig and maintenance care
9.4 Final considerations

10. CFRDs Performance
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Settlements
10.3 Correlations between settlements, dam height and valley shape
10.4 Horizontal displacements
10.5 Combined movements
10.6 Face deflection
10.7 Vertical compressibility Modulus (EV) and transversal modulus (ET)
10.8 Tri-dimensional displacements
10.9 Conclusions

11. Numerical analysis and its applications
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Engineering properties of rockfill material
11.3 Rockfill material constitutive models
11.4 CFRDs numerical analyses methods
11.5 Application of numerical analyses on CFRDs
11.6 Closing remarks
11.7 Numerical analyses applied to Brazilian CFRDs10 CFRDs Performance

12. Construction features
12.1 Introduction
12.2 General aspects
12.3 Plinth construction
12.4 Excavation
12.5 Concrete construction
12.6 River diversion
12.7 Embankment construction
12.8 Fill construction
12.9 Slab construction
12.10 Outputs

References